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The intersection between India’s democracy and demography
Indian democracy has been based on the principle of universal franchise since independence. However, the actual manifestation of popular will in government is mediated by two simultaneous processes: the first-past-the-post (FPTP) system and the judicious distribution of seats in Parliament. The FPTP system means that the winner at the constituency level does not need to obtain a majority of votes to win the election. It is enough to be the first among others. The second means that a particular vote in a state can have different values in terms of sending an MP to the Lok Sabha.