Science

www.cell.com

https://www.cell.com/ajhg/fulltext/S0002-9297(26)00151-5

No description available

www.ceh.ac.uk

Taking stock of freshwater biodiversity monitoring in the UK: Insights from NC‑UK’s community survey and workshop

Understanding how freshwater ecosystems are changing, and why, has never been more important. Last year NC‑UK set out to explore this challenge by engaging a multi-sectoral community through a survey ...

www.bochum.de

Verdienstkreuz für Prof. Dr. Ralf Erdmann | Stadt Bochum

Bundespräsident Frank-Walter Steinmeier hat Prof. Dr. Ralf Erdmann mit dem Verdienstkreuz am Bande des Verdienstordens der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ausgezeichnet.

doi.org

V- and VL-scores unveil viral signatures and origins of protein families | Nature Communications

Viruses are key drivers of microbial ecology and evolution, yet their study is hindered due to challenges in culturing. Traditional gene-centric methods, which focus on a few hallmark genes like for capsids, miss much of the viral genome, leaving key viral proteins and functions undiscovered. Here, we introduce two powerful annotation-free metrics, V-score and VL-score, designed to quantify the “virus-likeness” of protein families and genomes and create an open-access searchable database, ‘V-Score-Search’. By applying V- and VL-scores to public protein databases, we link 19 − 59% of protein families with viruses representing a 5 − 8x increase over current estimates. These metrics outperform existing approaches, enabling high efficiency in detection of viral genomes, prophages, and host-derived auxiliary viral genes (AVGs) from fragmented sequences. Remarkably, we identify up to 17 times more AVGs dominated by non-metabolic proteins of unknown function. This innovation unlocks new

www.ascb.org

Cell Bio 2023-An ASCB|EMBO Meeting

Network, learn, and collaborate with top cell biologists from around the globe.

doi.org

Generation of an autophagy-targeting influenza A virus as live attenuated vaccine | Nature Communications

Despite existing vaccines, influenza remains a significant public health burden, highlighting the need for vaccine strategies with improved safety and efficacy. Here we develop an autophagy-targeting influenza. A virus as a live attenuated vaccine by harnessing the host cell’s autophagy machinery to manipulate viral protein degradation. The virus is generated by introducing a conditionally removable autophagosome-targeting motif in the viral genome, which enables viral attenuation through autophagy-mediated degradation of the tagged viral protein in conventional cells while permitting efficient viral replication for large-scale manufacturing in engineered cell lines. The engineered virus is highly attenuated in vivo but able to induce robust humoral, mucosal, and cellular immune responses, and provides complete cross-reactive protection against homologous and heterologous viral challenges. Together, this study establishes autophagy-mediated protein degradation as a viable strategy for

doi.org

The prefrontal cortex controls memory organization in the hippocampus | Nature Neuroscience

Prior memories can be integrated with novel experiences during learning to facilitate memory organization. This process must be tightly regulated to prevent inappropriate integration of unrelated memories. However, the biological mechanisms underlying such control are currently unknown. Using multiple imaging, chemogenetic and optogenetic techniques in mice, we demonstrate that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex is recruited over time to control memory integration in the hippocampus according to contextual similarities between experiences. This control is achieved through direct projections to the medial entorhinal cortex that modulate entorhinal activity, ensemble overlap in the dorsal hippocampus, memory linking, activity of neurogliaform cells in the dorsal CA1 and memory allocation. Together, our results provide new insights into the mechanisms controlling crucial processes of memory organization in the mammalian brain. Related memories are sometimes encoded in overlapping neurons.

www.sciencedirect.com

Aerospace Science and Technology | Journal | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier

Read the latest articles of Aerospace Science and Technology at ScienceDirect.com, Elsevier’s leading platform of peer-reviewed scholarly literature

doi.org

Nuclear N-glycosylation maintains H3K9me3 heterochromatin and genomic stability | Nature Cell Biology

Polysaccharides are known to be synthesized by enzymes in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus and transported through the secretory pathway to the cell surface or extracellular space, where they mediate essential biological processes. While classical localization and functions of polysaccharides are well established, their presence and potential roles in the nucleus remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that N-glycans, a type of polysaccharides, modify inner nuclear membrane (INM) proteins and are present in the cell nucleus across diverse cell types—a modification referred to as N-linked glycosylation (N-glycosylation). N-glycosylation is enriched in chromatin regions marked by H3K9me3 and long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) retrotransposons. N-glycosylation inhibition and INM protein N-glycosylation site mutation both downregulate H3K9me3 within lamina-associated domains and lead to genomic instability. Mechanistically, N-glycosylation regulates the interaction betwe

doi.org

AI framework for multidisease detection via retinal imaging | Nature Medicine

The rising burden of endocrine and metabolic diseases demands scalable and accessible screening tools. Here we developed Reti-Pioneer, a multitask retinal imaging framework that integrates quality-aware modules with pre-trained foundation models for efficient, multidisease detection. In general, the framework was developed using 107,730 color fundus photographs from both community-based and hospital-based cohorts and achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values on internal test data of 0.833 (95% confidence interval 0.810–0.856) for type 2 diabetes mellitus, 0.832 (0.799–0.866) for gout, 0.787 (0.742–0.833) for osteoporosis, 0.740 (0.726–0.755) for hypertension, 0.736 (0.721–0.751) for hyperlipidemia and 0.699 (0.667–0.730) for thyroid disease. The framework generalized well to six external cohorts from both resource-limited and high-resource settings, and showed biological interpretability via plasma proteomic correlations. In a primary care silent trial, it

www.bbc.com

England could break May heat record again with 35C possible in some areas

It comes after the UK recorded its hottest May day on record as part of London reached 34.8C on Monday.

doi.org

Uromodulin p.His36Tyr promotes macrophage pyroptosis via App-Cd74 signaling to drive renal inflammation in ADTKD | Nature Communications

Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease -UMOD is characterized by progressive renal interstitial inflammation and fibrosis. However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we identify a large ADTKD pedigree harboring a novel UMOD p.H36Y mutation. Using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, we generated a UmodH36Y/+ mouse model that recapitulates the key phenotypes observed in affected individuals, including renal dysfunction, cyst formation, and interstitial inflammation. Multi-omics analyses in kidneys from male UmodH36Y/+ mice revealed marked macrophage pyroptosis. Mechanistically, the Umod p.H36Y variant activated the amyloid precursor protein (App)-Cd74 axis which mediated the crosstalk between renal mutant tubular cells and macrophages. This axis sustains NF-κB pathway activation in macrophages, initiating pyroptosis and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. The same mechanism is recapitulated in the UMOD p.Trp31Cys cell model. Notably, Pharmacologic inhibition using ARN2966,